About
The Sparebanken Sør Instrument Fund is an artistic sponsorship initiative involving Sparebanken Norge, Kilden Arts Centre, and the Kristiansand Symphony Orchestra. The foundation’s purpose is to invest in string instruments of the highest quality to be played by the musicians of the Kristiansand Symphony Orchestra. These instruments serve to elevate the orchestra’s performances and provide inspiration to the musicians. The Kristiansand Symphony Orchestra is grateful for this generous sponsorship from Sparebanken Norge, which greatly enhances its ability to serve and represent the community at a high artistic level.
Giovanni Francesco Pressenda is one of the finest violin makers of the19thcentury and the founder of the modern Turin school. For many years, experts believed that Pressenda had apprenticed in Cremona, but scholarly studies have shown that he apprenticed at one of the French violin workshops in Turin, such as those of Lété and Calot. Pressenda’s early instruments showed a strong influence of the French school in his choice of a Stradivari model and refined craftsmanship, and evolved into a more personal style by 1830. It was during this period that he developed his rich, red varnish, elongated f-holes, and the prominent scribe line down the center of the scroll, which became hallmarks of the Turin school.
The foundation’s violin by Giovanni Francesco Pressenda, dated 1828, is known as the “Bellarosa” due to its beautiful deep red varnish, for which Pressenda is famous. The violin features a striking one-piece back made of wide-flamed maple on the slant. The top displays a rare Hazelficht (bear-claw) pattern on the lower bout. The scroll features a scribe line down the center and blackened chamfers, typical of Pressenda’s instruments. The violin, dating from Pressenda’s early period, is entirely his own work, created before he began employing shop assistants such as Giuseppe Rocca. The violin has a powerful and projecting sound of true soloist quality and beauty.
Giuseppe Rocca learned his craft from the great violin maker Giovanni Francesco Pressenda, with whom he apprenticed from 1834 to 1838 in Turin, Italy. Rocca worked independently from 1838, and by the 1840s he had moved away from Pressenda’s influence, choosing instead to model his instruments after the ‘Alard’ Guarneri del Gesú of 1742 and the ‘Messiah’ Stradivari of 1716. Scholars believe that Rocca must have been acquainted with the collector Luigi Tarisio, who had both of these instruments in his collection as early as 1827. The 1840s and 1850s are considered the pinnacle of Rocca’s career, and these years produced some of the finest violins created in themid-19th century.
The foundation’s violin, built in 1843, is modeled after the “Messiah” Stradivarius. It is crafted from the finest materials, featuring a one-piece maple back with medium curl, and finished with a luminous, transparent varnish typical of Rocca. The violin is an extraordinary concert instrument with a broad, projecting sound befitting the concertmaster’s position. The violin is accompanied by a wonderful letter from the great violin expert, Arthur Hill, dated 1898, stating: “As an example of the work of Giuseppe Rocca, who, when the history of the violin is properly written, we believe will turn out to be the violin-making genius of the century. We recommend this instrument to you as one of his finest.”
Francesco Rugeri (1628–1698) was the patriarch and most famous luthier of the great Cremonese violin-making family, Casa Rugeri. Rugeri’s work has often been associated with Nicoló Amati and his “Grand Pattern” violin; however, there is no documentary evidence that he was present at the Amati workshop. Even though they did not work together, the Rugeri and Amati families had a close social relationship. Amati was the godfather to Francesco Rugeri’s son, Giacinto. Amati’s dominance of the violin-making trade in the city of Cremona was so strong in the late 1600s that Rugeri never achieved great renown during his lifetime, yet today his instruments are held in the same esteem as those of Amati.
The foundation’s violin, dating from 1690, is typical of Rugeri’s finest work. It has a two-piece back made of medium-curled maple and a golden-brown varnish of exceptional beauty and soft texture. It is in excellent condition, except for the scroll, which was replaced by Otto Karl Schenk. The violin has a beautifully pure and harmonically rich sound. The instrument was played by Ilya Gringolts for many years as his primary concert instrument, and can be heard on multiple recordings. The violin was also featured in the 2008 Strad Magazine calendar.
Jean Baptiste Vuillaume was a prolific maker of fine violins, as well as a highly successful dealer and inventor. He first studied violin making in Mirecourt with his father, then moved to Paris and apprenticed with Georges Chanot around 1818. Vuillaume established his own workshop in Paris around 1827. The Vuillaume workshop flourished and employed some of the finest19th-century French violin makers, including Maucotel, Silvestre, and Derazey, as well as bow makers Peccatte, Persoit, Simon, and Voirin. The workshop produced over 3,000 instruments of consistently high quality. Most of these bear a label, brand, number, and signature that make them easily identifiable as examples of the Vuillaume workshop. Vuillaume was highly skilled as a copyist of older Cremonese instruments, such as those by Stradivari and Guarneri ‘del Gésú,’ and acquired the 144 great Cremonese instruments of the Luigi Tarisio collection in 1855.
The foundation’s cello is a beautiful and exceptionally well-preserved instrument by Jean Baptiste Vuillaume, dated 1860. The cello bears Vuillaume’s label, brand, signature, and is numbered 2376. The cello features a back and sides of fine maple, marked by a prominent narrow-width figure ascending from the center joint. The top is made of narrow-grained spruce that widens at the flanks. The varnish is a beautiful orange-brown on a golden ground. The cello is unique in that the varnish was never antiqued when new, and has never been over-polished. This has allowed the varnish to maintain its lovely soft texture, a rarity among Vuillaume’s notoriously large output. The Stradivari-model cello has a beautiful, projecting sound suitable for the role of solo cello.
Gaetano Rossi was born into a musical family in Milan on January12, 1812. Gaetano, along with his brothers, Nicola and Luigi, performed with the famous Teatro Regio Ducale and La Scala. Luigi Rossi, Gaetano’s older brother, was the principal bassist at La Scala and the teacher of the famous bass soloist, Giovanni Bottesini. In addition to playing the bass drum at La Scala, Gaetano displayed a passion for violin making. It is noted that he studied with the instrument maker Antonio Merighi in Milan. The earliest record of Gaetano Rossi owning an instrument shop dates back to 1841.
The foundation’s double bass dates from 1845 and is of true historical significance. The instrument is the culmination of a collaboration between Gaetano Rossi and the great Italian soloist Giovanni Bottesini. Bottesini asked Rossi to create a bass of large proportions suitable for orchestral playing, yet still ideal for solo performance. The instrument’s design was the first to reflect the evolving role of bass players in the 1800s, moving beyond orchestral playing to include solo works as well. The bass’s features had a profound influence on subsequent makers. It features a long table length of 122 cm, a smaller upper bout, and sloping shoulders. The F-holes are positioned higher to reduce the stop length, and the bass has a broad lower bout. The round back of fruitwood is set with a low break angle, and its tapering ribs allow for easier access to the upper register of the fingerboard. The instrument has a rich and tremendously powerful orchestral sound, while also having a singing upper register fitting for the Bel Canto style for which it was designed. Before coming to the collection, it was owned by the eminent Italian bassist and pedagogue, Franco Petracchi.
Kelvin Walker Scott is one of the leading violin makers currently working in the United States. He attended the Chicago School of Violin Making before apprenticing with the renowned American maker Greg Alf. Scott established his own workshop in Chicago in 2000 before moving to Knoxville, Tennessee, in 2003. He has received multiple gold medals for craftsmanship and tone from the Violin Society of America, as well as medals at the Triennial Competition in Cremona, Italy. In 2014, Scott received the rarely awarded Hors Concours prize from the Violin Society of America. To receive this award, one must win a gold medal in three separate competition years. Scott most recently served as a judge for the recent VSA competitions. This viola, built in 2025, is his personal model, based on a Gasparo Da Salo. It is of comfortable proportions at 41 cm in length, and the model creates an instrument that is both light to play and produces a powerful, rich sound.
Jørn Nygaard is one of the most prominent Norwegian luthiers working today. His violins can be found in most of Norway’s professional orchestras. This violin is his Giuseppe Del Gésú model, which was developed in collaboration with the soloist Henning Kraggerud. The violin features a striking one-piece maple back with wide-flame grain on the slant, and a deep red varnish on a golden ground inspired by the “Huberman” Stradivarius of 1713. The violin has a dark and powerful sound perfect for orchestral playing.
Having worked in violin shops since the age of ten, Christian Pedersen has extensive experience in every aspect of violin making and restoration. Pedersen majored in violin performance at West Texas State University and the University of North Texas, while apprenticing in luthier Steven Cundall’s shop in Aubrey, TX. For the past 25 years, Pedersen has made his home at Robertson and Sons Violin Shop, where he has focused on producing exceptional violins, violas, cellos, and basses. Pedersen has won numerous awards for both tone and workmanship at competitions held by the Violin Society of America and the International Society of Basses. In 2024, astronaut Sarah Gillis could be heard playing one of Christian Pedersen’s violins in orbit, as a crew member on SpaceX’s Polaris Dawn